C++ datatypes/operators/variables
- DIFFERENT TYPES OF OPERATORS
Operators are different types of functions that take one or more arguments and create a new value. For example: addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication(*), etc. are all operators. Operators are used to perform various operations on variables and constants.
Types of operators
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Assignment operator
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Mathematical operator
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Relational operator
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Logical operator
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Bitwise operator
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Shift operator
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Unary operator
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Ternary operator
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Comma operator
Assignment Operator(=)
The function '=' is used as an assignment, it takes the right
side (called rvalue) and copies it to the left side (called lvalue). The
assignment operator is the only operator that can be overloaded but not
inherited.
Mathematical Operations
There are operators used to perform basic mathematical
operations. Addition (+), subtraction (-), deviation (/), multiplication (*), and modulus (%) are basic mathematical operators. The modulus operator cannot
be used with floating point numbers.
Relationship Operators
These operators create a relationship between operators. The
relational operators are: less than (andlt;), latch than (andgt;), less than
or equal to (andlt;=), greater than equal to (andgt;=), equal to (==), and not
equal to (! =). Note that the assignment operator is (=) and there is a
relational operator for the corresponding (==). The two differ, the assignment
operator assigns a value to some variable, while the equality operator is used
to compare values, as in if-else conditions.
Logical operators
The logical operators are AND (and) and OR (||). They are
used to connect two different expressions. If two commands are combined with
the AND operator, both commands are considered valid, but if they are combined
with the OR operator, one of them must be valid. These operators are mostly
used in loops (especially while loop) and decision-making.
Bitwise operators
These are used to convert individual bits to numbers. They only
work with integral data types such as char, int, and long, not floating-point
numbers.
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bitwise AND operators
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bitwise OR operators
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bitwise operator XOR ^
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bitwise NOT operator ~
They can also be used as abbreviations =, |=, ^=, ~=, etc.
Shift operators
Shift operators are used to change bits of some variable. There
are three types:
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Left shift operator <<
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Right shift operator >>
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Unsigned right shift operator >>>
Unary operators
These are operators that operate on only one operand. There are
many unary operators, but the most commonly used ones are the increment ++ and
decrement.
Other unary operations: address and, reference *, new and
delete, bit-bit-not ~, logical not !, unary minus - and unary plus +.
Ternary operator
Ternary if-else? : is an operator with three operands.
The comma operator
It is used to separate variable names and expressions. For expressions, the value of the last expression is produced and used.
